Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) - Jersey (2002)

Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) z Jersey (2002)

	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003)	Jersey (2002)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (British crown dependency)
Age structure	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA%	0-14 years: 17.9% (male 8,287; female 7,729) 15-64 years: 67.3% (male 30,099; female 30,347) 65 years and over: 14.8% (male 5,729; female 7,584) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products	potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes; beef, dairy products
Airports	5 (2002)	1 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2002)	-
Area	total: 12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands	total: 116 sq km land: 116 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Connecticut	about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982.	The island of Jersey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Dukedom of Normandy that held sway in both France and England. These islands were the only British soil occupied by German troops in World War II.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population	10.86 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.)	revenues: $601 million expenditures: $588 million, including capital expenditures of $98 million (2000 est.)
Capital	Stanley	Saint Helier
Climate	cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate	temperate; mild winters and cool summers
Coastline	1,288 km	70 km
Constitution	3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998	unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)	conventional long form: Bailiwick of Jersey conventional short form: Jersey
Currency	Falkland pound (FKP)	British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Jersey pound
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	9.22 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	none
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina	British crown dependency
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (British crown dependency)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (British crown dependency)
Disputes - international	claimed by Argentina whose forces briefly occupied it in 1982, but now declares it will no longer seek settlement by force	none
Economic aid - recipient	none	none
Economy - overview	The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost.	The economy is based largely on international financial services, agriculture, and tourism. Potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes, and especially flowers are important export crops, shipped mostly to the UK. The Jersey breed of dairy cattle is known worldwide and represents an important export income earner. Milk products go to the UK and other EU countries. In 1996 the finance sector accounted for about 60% of the island's output. Tourism, another mainstay of the economy, accounts for 24% of GDP. In recent years, the government has encouraged light industry to locate in Jersey, with the result that an electronics industry has developed alongside the traditional manufacturing of knitwear. All raw material and energy requirements are imported, as well as a large share of Jersey's food needs. Light taxes and death duties make the island a popular tax haven.
Electricity - consumption	15.19 million kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	NA kWh note: electricity supplied by France
Electricity - production	16.33 million kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 143 m
Environment - current issues	overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster	NA
Ethnic groups	British	UK and Norman-French descent
Exchange rates	Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.67 (2002), 0.69 (2001), 0.66 (2000), 0.62 (1999), 0.6 (1998); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound	Jersey pounds per US dollar - 0.6981 (January 2002), 0.6944 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6106 (1997); the Jersey pound is at par with the British pound
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since NA March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA) cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Lieutenant Governor and Commander in Chief Air Chief Marshall Sir John CHESHIRE (since 24 January 2001) and Bailiff Philip Martin BAILHACHE (since NA February 1995) cabinet: committees appointed by the Assembly of the States elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; lieutenant governor and bailiff appointed by the monarch
Exports	NA (2001)	$NA
Exports - commodities	wool, hides, meat	light industrial and electrical goods, foodstuffs, textiles
Exports - partners	Spain 76.2%, UK 9.2%, US 7.1% (2002)	UK
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT	white with a diagonal red cross extending to the corners of the flag and in the upper quadrant, surmounted by a yellow crown, a red shield holding the three lions of England in yellow
GDP	purchasing power parity - $75 million (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $2.2 billion (1999 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: 5% industry: 2% services: 93% (1996)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $24,800 (1999 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	NA%
Geographic coordinates	51 45 S, 59 00 W	49 15 N, 2 10 W
Geography - note	deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season	largest and southernmost of Channel Islands; about 30% of population concentrated in Saint Helier
Highways	total: 440 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 390 km (2002)	total: 577 km (1995) paved: NA km unpaved: NA km
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	NA (2001)	$NA
Imports - commodities	fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing	machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, foodstuffs, mineral fuels, chemicals
Imports - partners	UK 57.9%, Spain 19.8%, Italy 16.7% (2002)	UK
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (British crown dependency)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	fish and wool processing; tourism	tourism, banking and finance, dairy
Infant mortality rate	total: NA% male: NA% female: NA%	5.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.6% (1998)	4.7% (1998)
International organization participation	ICFTU	-
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	2 (2000)	NA
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction	Royal Court (judges elected by an electoral college and the bailiff)
Labor force	1,100 (est.)	57,050 (1996) (1996)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (1998 est.)	arable land: NEGL% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages	English	English (official), French (official), Norman-French dialect spoken in country districts
Legal system	English common law	English law and local statute
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout	unicameral Assembly of the States (55 voting members - 12 senators (elected for 6-year terms), 12 constables or heads of parishes (elected for 3-year terms), 29 deputies (elected for 3-year terms); the bailiff and the deputy bailiff; and 3 non-voting members - the Dean of Jersey, the Attorney General, and the Solicitor General all appointed by the monarch elections: last held NA (next to be held NA) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 52
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years	total population: 78.78 years male: 76.34 years female: 81.4 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: NA total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina	Western Europe, island in the English Channel, northwest of France
Map references	South America	Europe
Maritime claims	continental shelf: 200 NM exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	exclusive fishing zone: 12 NM territorial sea: 3 NM
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	none (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	British Forces Falkland Islands no regular indigenous military forces; (includes Army, Royal Air Force, and Royal Navy), Police Force	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA%	-
National holiday	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)	Liberation Day, 9 May (1945)
Nationality	noun: Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island	noun: Channel Islander(s) adjective: Channel Islander
Natural hazards	strong winds persist throughout the year	NA
Natural resources	fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss	arable land
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population	2.78 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders	none; all independents	none; all independents
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	none
Population	2,967 (July 2003 est.)	89,775 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	2.44% (2003 est.)	0.44% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Stanley note: the primary port is located in Stanley Harbour and known locally as FIPASS (Falkland Interim Port and Storage System); the facility consists of seven permanently moored barges providing 300 meters of berthing space; it was installed by the military after 1982 and handed over to the Falkland Islands Government in 1988	Gorey, Saint Aubin, Saint Helier
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM NA, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	-	NA
Railways	0 km	0 km
Religions	primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist	Anglican, Roman Catholic, Baptist, Congregational New Church, Methodist, Presbyterian
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	NA years of age; universal adult
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: 3 submarine cables
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	65,500 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	4,400 (1997)
Television broadcast stations	2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service) note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002)	2 (1997)
Terrain	rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains	gently rolling plain with low, rugged hills along north coast
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman	1.57 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	full employment; labor shortage	0.7% (1998 est.)
Waterways	none	none

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